Abatabazi byihutirwa nkabashinzwe kuzimya umuriro, ambulanse na polisi bishingikiriza kumatumanaho yizewe yuburyo bubiri mugihe ubuzima nibintu byugarijwe.Mu nyubako nyinshi ntabwo buri gihe ari ibintu byoroshye.Ibimenyetso bya radio imbere yinyubako akenshi byinjizwa cyangwa bigahagarikwa nubutaka bunini bwubutaka, beto cyangwa ibyuma.
Mubyongeyeho, ibintu byubatswe byashizweho kugirango habeho ibyubaka bihamye, nka Windows idirishya rike ryikirahure, ryerekana ibimenyetso biva muri sisitemu yumutekano rusange.Iyo ibi bibaye, ibimenyetso bidakomeye cyangwa bitabaho birashobora gukora radio "zone zapfuye" mubucuruzi, bishobora guhungabanya guhuza umutekano numutekano mubatabazi bwa mbere mugihe cyihutirwa.
Kubera iyo mpamvu, amabwiriza menshi y’umutekano w’umuriro arasaba ko hashyirwaho uburyo bwihutirwa bwo gutumanaho bwihutirwa (ERCES) ku nyubako nshya n’ubucuruzi zisanzwe.Izi sisitemu zateye imbere zongerera ibimenyetso imbere yinyubako, zitanga itumanaho ryinzira ebyiri zidafite aho zihurira.
Umuyobozi w'ishami rishinzwe itumanaho ridafite insinga rya Cosco, Trevor Matthews yagize ati: "Ikibazo ni uko abitabiriye bwa mbere bakorera kuri radiyo zitandukanye, zitandukanye mu mujyi, ku buryo ibikoresho bya ERCES byagombaga kuba byarakozwe kugira ngo byongere imiyoboro yagenwe gusa."kurinda umuriro.Imyaka irenga 60 yo guhagarika umuriro wubucuruzi hamwe na sisitemu yumutekano wubuzima.Mu myaka ine ishize, isosiyete itanga serivisi zo gushyiraho sisitemu yihariye ya intercom.
Matthews yongeyeho ko ibishushanyo nk'ibi bisanzwe birimo ERCES igamije gukumira ibimenyetso bitabangamira indi mirongo no kwirinda amakimbirane na FCC, bishobora gutanga amande menshi iyo arenze.Byongeye kandi, ibigo akenshi bigomba gushyiraho sisitemu yose mbere yo gutanga icyemezo cya komisiyo.Kugirango wuzuze igihe ntarengwa, abayashiraho bishingikiriza kuri OEM ERCES kugirango batange byihuse ibice bya sisitemu.
ERCES igezweho irahari "yihariye" na OEM kumiyoboro yihariye ya UHF na / cyangwa VHF.Ba rwiyemezamirimo barashobora noneho kunonosora ibikoresho byo murwego rwo kwaguka binyuze muburyo bwo guhitamo umuyoboro.Ubu buryo bufasha kubahiriza amabwiriza n'ibisabwa byose, mugihe ugabanya igiciro rusange hamwe nuburyo bugoye bwo kwishyiriraho.
ERCES yatangijwe bwa mbere mu gitabo mpuzamahanga cyo kubaka 2009.Amabwiriza ya vuba nka IBC 2021 Igice cya 916, IFC 2021 Igice cya 510, NFPA 1221, 2019 Igice cya 9.6, NFPA 1, 2021 Igice cya 11.10, na 2022 NFPA 1225 Igice cya 18 gisaba inyubako zose kugira serivisi zihutirwa -gutabara serivisi zihutirwa.gukwirakwiza itumanaho.
Sisitemu ya ERCES ihujwe hejuru yikirere kandi ikoreshwa nabayishyizeho bakoresheje antenne yicyerekezo yo hejuru kugirango bahuze urusobe rwiminara ya radio yumutekano rusange.Iyi antenne noneho ihuzwa ikoresheje umugozi wa coaxial hamwe na amplifier bi-icyerekezo (BDA) izamura urwego rwibimenyetso kugirango itange ubwishingizi buhagije imbere yinyubako kugirango yubahirize ubuzima bwubuzima.BDA ihujwe na Sisitemu Ikwirakwizwa rya Antenna (DAS), umuyoboro wa antenne ntoya ugereranije yashyizwe mu nyubako ikora nk'isubiramo kugirango irusheho gukwirakwiza ibimenyetso mu turere twitaruye.
Mu nyubako nini za metero kare 350.000 cyangwa zirenga, ibyongerwaho byinshi birashobora gusabwa gutanga imbaraga zihagije muri sisitemu.Usibye agace ka etage, ibindi bipimo nko gushushanya inyubako, ubwoko bwibikoresho byubaka byakoreshejwe, hamwe nubucucike bwinyubako nabyo bigira ingaruka kumubare winyongera zisabwa.
Mu itangazo riherutse, kurinda umuriro wa COSCO ryahawe inshingano zo gushyiraho ERCES hamwe na sisitemu yo gukingira umuriro hamwe n’umutekano w’ubuzima mu kigo kinini cyo gukwirakwiza DC.Kugira ngo amakomine yujuje ibisabwa, Fire Cosco yari ikeneye gushyiraho ERCES ihujwe na VHF 150-170 MHz ishami ry’umuriro na UHF 450-512 kubapolisi.Inyubako izakira icyemezo cya komisiyo mugihe cyibyumweru bike, bityo kwishyiriraho bigomba gukorwa vuba bishoboka.
Kugirango byoroshe inzira, Cosco Fire yahisemo Fiplex muri Honeywell BDA na fibre optique DAS ya sisitemu yambere ikora uruganda rukora ibicuruzwa byubaka umuriro hamwe na sisitemu yubuzima.
Sisitemu ihuje kandi yemejwe yashizweho kugirango yizere gutanga inyungu zisumba izindi za RF no gukwirakwiza urusaku, bizamura imbaraga zibiri za RF ibimenyetso imbere yinyubako, tunel nizindi nyubako.Sisitemu yashizweho kugirango ihuze ibisabwa na NFPA na IBC / IFC hamwe na UL2524 urutonde rwa 2.
Ku bwa Matthews, ikintu cy'ingenzi gitandukanya ERCES n'abandi ni ubushobozi bwa OEM bwo “guhuza” igikoresho n'umuyoboro bakoresha mbere yo kohereza.Ba rwiyemezamirimo barashobora noneho kunonosora uburyo BDA RF ikurikirana kurubuga kugirango bagere kumurongo nyawo usabwa binyuze muguhitamo umuyoboro, software, cyangwa umurongo mugari.Ibi bivanaho ikibazo cyogukwirakwiza umurongo mugari mubidukikije bya RF byuzuye cyane, bishobora gutera ubundi kwivanga hanze kandi bishobora kuvamo ihazabu ya FCC.
Matthews yerekana irindi tandukaniro riri hagati ya Fiplex BDA nibindi byongerwaho ibimenyetso bya digitale: uburyo bubiri bwiburyo bwa UHF cyangwa VHF yihariye.
"Gukomatanya ibyuma bya UHF na VHF byoroshya kwishyiriraho kuko ufite panel imwe gusa aho kuba ibiri.Igabanya kandi umwanya ukenewe wurukuta, ibisabwa imbaraga ningingo zishobora gutsindwa.Kwipimisha buri mwaka nabyo biroroshye. "
Hamwe na sisitemu gakondo ya ERCES, ibigo bishinzwe umutekano wumuriro nubuzima bikenera kugura ibice byabandi byiyongera kubipakira OEM.
Ku bijyanye no gusaba kwabanje, Matthews yasanze “bigoye kubona ibikoresho gakondo bya ERCES gukora.Twarangije tugomba kwitabaza undi muntu kugira ngo tubone akayunguruzo dukeneye kubera ko OEM itabahaye. ”yavuze ko igihe cyo kwakira ibikoresho ari amezi, kandi akeneye ibyumweru.
Matthews yabisobanuye agira ati: “Abandi bacuruzi barashobora gufata ibyumweru 8-14 kugira ngo bakire amplifier.”Ati: “Ubu dushobora kubona amps yihariye hanyuma tukayashyiraho na DAS mu byumweru 5-6.Uyu ni umukino uhindura abashoramari, cyane cyane iyo idirishya ryo kwishyiriraho rifunze ”, Matthews abisobanura.
Kubateza imbere, abubatsi, cyangwa ikigo cyubwubatsi bibaza niba ERCES isabwa kubwinyubako nshya cyangwa ihari, intambwe yambere nukugisha inama nisosiyete ishinzwe umutekano wumuriro / ubuzima ushobora gukora ubushakashatsi kuri RFI nyubako.
Ubushakashatsi bwa RF bukorwa mugupima urwego rwerekana ibimenyetso bya downlink / uplink muri decibel milliwatts (dBm) ukoresheje ibikoresho byihariye byo gupima.Ibisubizo bizashyikirizwa urwego rufite ububasha bwo kumenya niba sisitemu ya ERCES isabwa cyangwa gusonerwa bikwiye.
“Niba ERCES isabwa, nibyiza kwipimisha mbere yigihe kugirango ugabanye ibiciro, bigoye, kandi byoroshye kwishyiriraho.Niba aho ariho hose inyubako yananiwe gukora ubushakashatsi kuri RF, niba inyubako yaba 50%, 80%, cyangwa 100% yuzuye, shyiramo sisitemu ya ERCES, nibyiza rero kubigerageza mbere yuko iyishyirwaho ritoroshye ”, Matthews.
Yavuze ko hashobora kubaho ibindi bibazo mu gihe cyo gukora ibizamini bya RF mu bigo nk’ububiko.ERCES ntishobora gukenerwa mububiko bwubusa, ariko imbaraga zerekana ibimenyetso mubice byikigo zirashobora guhinduka cyane nyuma yo gushyiramo rake nibindi bikoresho no kongeramo ibicuruzwa.Niba sisitemu yashyizweho nyuma yububiko bumaze gukoreshwa, isosiyete ishinzwe umutekano n’umuriro igomba gukora ikuraho ibikorwa remezo bihari n'abakozi bose.
“Gushyira ibice bya ERCES mu nyubako ihuze cyane biragoye cyane kuruta mu bubiko bwubusa.Abashiraho barashobora gukenera gukoresha izamuka kugira ngo bagere ku gisenge, insinga zifite umutekano, cyangwa gushyira antene, bigoye kubikora mu nyubako ikora neza. ”Matthews.ati sobanura.
Niba kwishyiriraho sisitemu bibangamira itangwa ryimpamyabumenyi, iyi mbogamizi irashobora gutinza cyane ishyirwa mubikorwa ryimishinga.
Kugira ngo wirinde gutinda nibibazo bya tekiniki, abashinzwe kubaka inyubako zubucuruzi, abubatsi n’ibigo by’ubwubatsi barashobora kungukirwa naba rwiyemezamirimo babigize umwuga bamenyereye ibisabwa na ERCES.
Hamwe nogutanga byihuse bya ERCES yateye imbere ihujwe na OEM kumuyoboro wifuzwa wa RF, rwiyemezamirimo wujuje ibyangombwa arashobora gushiraho no kurushaho kunoza ibikoresho byumurongo wihariye kugirango uhuze imiyoboro.Ubu buryo bwihutisha imishinga no kubahiriza, kandi butezimbere umutekano mugihe cyihutirwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-10-2023